Arshad_Z wrote:But when Mowla Ali said "I am the speaking Quran" doesn't that mean that even though he is the source of the Quran, that he interprets it, since the Quran, is not just the qitab we have, but rather revelation of God as a whole which?
It depends on the context, when we articulate our faith to others especially to the Sunnis, we would say that the Imam is the interpretor, but from our perspective of course he is the source. The source can also be the interpretor but not vice versa.
Within esoteric (Sufi) Islam, it is accepted that revelations are not limited to the written Koran and that elevated souls recieve them on an ongoing basis. The following is an anecdote from the life of a great Sufi master Abu Said Ibn Khair which alludes to this tendency.
[Abu Sa'id, however, found the source of his doctrine in a larger revelation than the Word which was given to the Prophet. The author of the Asrar says:
My grandfather, Shaykhu '1-Islam Abu Sa'id, relates that one day, whilst Abu Sa'id was preaching in Nishapur, a learned theologian who was present thought to himself that such doctrine is not to be found in the seven sevenths (i.e. the whole) of the Koran. Abu Sa'fd immediately turned towards him and said," Doctor, thy thought is not hidden from me. The doctrine that I preach is contained in the eighth seventh of the Koran." "What is that?" the theologian inquired. Abu Sa'id answered: " The seven sevenths are, 0 Apostle, deliver the message that hath been sent down to thee (Kor. 5, 71), and the eighth seventh is, He revealed unto His servant that which He revealed (Kor. 53, 10). Ye imagine that the Word of God is of fixed quantity and extent. Nay, the infinite Word of God that was sent down to Mohammed is the whole seven sevenths of the Koran;
but that which He causes to come into the hearts of His servants does not admit of being numbered and limited, nor does it ever cease. Every moment there comes a messenger from Him to the hearts of His servants, as the Prophet declared, saying, 'Beware of the clairvoyance (firdsa) of the true believer, for verily he sees by the light of God.'"
Then Abu Sa'id quoted the verse:
Thou art my soul's joy, known by vision, not by hearsay.
Of what use is hearsay to one who hath vision?
In a Tradition (he went on) it is stated that the Guarded Tablet (lawh-i mahfuz)1 is so broad that a fleet Arab horse would not be able to cross it in four years, and the writing thereon is finer than a hair. Of all the writing which covers it only a single line has been communicated to God's creatures. That little keeps them in perplexity until the Resurrection. As for the rest, no one knows anything about it1.
Here Abu Sa'id sets aside the partial, finite, and temporal revelation on which Islam is built, and appeals to the universal, infinite, and everlasting revelation which the Sufis find in their hearts. As a rule, even the boldest Mohammedan mystics shrink from uttering such a challenge. So long as the inner light is regarded only as an interpreter of the written
revelation, the supremacy of the latter is nominally maintained, though in fact almost any doctrine can be foisted upon it: this is a very different thing from claiming that the inner light transcends the Prophetic Law and possesses full authority to make laws for itself. Abu Sa'id does not say that the partial and universal revelations are in conflict with each other: he does not repudiate the Koran,
but he denies that it is the final and absolute standard of divine truth. He often quotes Koranic verses in support of his theosophical views. Only when the Book fails him need he confound his critics by alleging a secret communication which he has received from the Author.]
(Source: Studies in Islamic Mysticism byReynold A. Nicholson, CHAPTER I ABU SA'ID IBN ABI 'L-KHAYR)